Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality of COVID-19 in Patients Receiving Maintenance Dialysis: A Multi-Center Population-Based Cohort Study

Background: Many questions remain about the maintenance dialysis population who survived COVID-19. Previous literature has focused on outcomes associated with the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection but it may underestimate the impact of disease. This study describes the long-term morbidity and mortality among patients receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario, Canada who survived their SARS-CoV-2 infection, and the risk factors associated with long-term mortality.

Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of patients receiving maintenance dialysis in Ontario, Canada who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and survived 30 days between March 14, 2020 and December 1, 2021 (pre-Omicron), with follow-up until September 30, 2022. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality, while our secondary outcomes included reinfection, composite of cardiovascular (CV)-related death or hospitalization, all-cause hospitalization, and admission to long-term care or complex continuing care. We also examined risk factors associated with long-term mortality using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression.

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