By Mei Kang et al.
Source The Lancet
Explosive geographical expansion of the avian influenza virus (AIV) continues to threaten human and animal health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Individuals from 17 countries across five continents have been infected by the five emerging (H5N8, H10N3, H3N8, H10N5, and H5N2) and four re-emerging (H5N1, H5N6, H7N9, and H9N2) subtypes of AIV since 2019 (appendix). H5N1 viruses, especially those of clade 2.3.4.4b, continue to diversify genetically, spread geographically, and infect humans, as illustrated by the first ever human infection in Victoria, Australia, in May, 2024, and a presumed novel transmission from dairy cattle to a dairy worker from Texas, USA, in April, 2024.
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